Since ancient times, traditional Chinese culture has always emphasized “harmony” and “stability.” The TMT is the core of enterprise operations and management and plays a decisive role in the enterprise′s development direction. Frequent and large-scale changes in the TMT inevitably break the stable and tacit understanding between the original team members, hinder sustainable implementation of the company′s business strategy, increase the uncertainty of future development and business risks, and negatively impact long-term stable development. However, relatively few studies have explored the potential economic impact of TMT stability. In the context of strengthening national strategic scientific and technological power and realizing scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement, in-depth research on how to improve the quality of corporate innovation and accelerate the solution of strangling problems is of both theoretical and practical significance. The formation and improvement of innovation quality depend on listed companies′ long-term resource support for R&D activities. As the main body of innovation decision making and strategy execution, the TMT determines the investment direction and strength of innovation resources. According to the principal-agent theory, maintaining the TMT stability of listed companies can effectively reduce the short-sighted behavior of executive members. Furthermore, a more stable executive team is more motivated, capable, and tacitly committed to formulating valuable long-term development strategies. Therefore, the formation and enhancement of a company′s innovation quality fundamentally shaped by its strategic decisions and directions and is naturally affected by the stability of the TMT. Therefore, we empirically examine the impact of TMT stability on innovation quality. The results reveal the following: 1) The higher the stability of the TMT, the higher the quality of innovation. In other words, a stable TMT has better long-term orientation, which makes executives more willing to invest in corporate resources in long-term R&D activities and more committed to improving corporate innovation quality. 2) The larger the compensation gap within the TMT, the weaker the positive impact of TMT stability on innovation quality; and business complexity also weakens the positive impact. 3) The mechanism test establishes that TMT stability improves innovation quality, mainly by increasing the level of innovation investment, reducing business risks, and reducing the cost of equity capital. 4) Further analysis reveals that the positive impact of TMT stability on innovation quality is more pronounced in firms with higher management shareholdings and in non-state firms. Finally, this paper also finds that the effect of TMT stability on innovation quality is independent of changes in key executives. Although a change in the company′s actual controller can inhibit improvements in innovation quality and lead to large-scale changes in the TMT, the effect of TMT stability on innovation quality does not originate from a change in the company′s actual controller. These findings have the following significant theoretical and practical implications. 1) This study expands research related to the economic consequences of executive change. Based on the perspective of innovation quality, this study explores the potential economic impact of TMT stability, which helps to deepen the understanding of the overall change in the TMT and its stability, and effectively remedies the shortcomings of existing research. 2) Our study enriches research on the factors influencing innovation quality. Previous studies have mainly explored the factors influencing innovation quality in the external institutional environment and internal characteristics of firms. This paper argues that TMT stability is one of the most important factors affecting innovation quality. Distinguishing this from previous empirical evidence on innovation inputs and technological innovation performance, this study concludes that TMT stability can contribute to improving innovation quality. This is an economic result of its ability to boost innovation investment and promote innovation performance, which deepens our understanding of the process and results of R&D activities. 3) This study provides new perspectives and ideas to investigate the specific influence mechanism of TMT stability.