In the pursuit of efficient and sustainable energy storage systems, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to lithium- ion batteries due to sodium's abundance and cost-effectiveness. This study focuses on the development and evaluation of a bismuth ferrite–boron-doped reduced graphene oxide (BFO–BrGO) composite as an advanced anode material for SIBs. The BFO–BrGO composite was synthesized using a hydrothermal method followed by thermal reduction, resulting in a nanostructured material with enhanced conductivity and electrochemical activity. Structural analysis confirmed the successful integration of BFO nanoparticles within the wrinkled BrGO sheets, promoting effective electron and ion transport pathways. Electrochemical testing revealed that the BFO–BrGO composite exhibits superior performance compared to pristine BFO and BrGO, delivering a high specific capacity, excellent cycling stability, and improved rate capability. These results demonstrate the composite’s potential as a high-performance anode material, offering a viable route toward the development of next-generation sodium-ion batteries.